fa مروری بر روش تدریس وارونه تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:22.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span arial="" gn="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">چکید</span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">ه</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:22.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span arial="" gn="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مقدمه: </span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نظام آموزشی در هر کشوری نقشی حیاتی در جهت تعالی کل جامعه بر عهده دارد. توجه شایسته به آموزش به ویژه بهره</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">گیری از روش</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های تدریس اثربخش می</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">تواند گامی اساسی در جهت تحقق اهداف متعالی آموزشی باشد. بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر مروری بر روش تدریس وارونه است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:22.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span arial="" gn="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روش</span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ها: </span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">پژوهش حاضر مروری بوده و اطلاعات مربوط به آن از طریق جستجوی مقالات فارسی و انگلیسی، بر اساس هدف اصلی مطالعه در پایگاه</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های معتبر علمی </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">Magiran</span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">SID</span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">Web</span> <span dir="LTR" style="color:black">of</span> <span dir="LTR" style="color:black">Sciences</span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="color:black">Google</span> <span dir="LTR" style="color:black">Scholar</span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و نیز مطالعات کتابخانه</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ای در بازه زمانی2000-2021 مورد جستجو قرار گرفتند.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:22.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span arial="" gn="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">یافته</span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ها: </span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">به کارگیری روش تدریس موثر موجب افزایش اثربخشی آموزشی شده و تحقق اهداف را تسهیل می</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">کند. روش تدریس وارونه در سال</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های اخیر و با توجه به پیشرفت فناوری و عدم جوابگویی روش</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های سنتی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در این روش تدریس، چهار مرحله اصلی وجود دارد: 1.</span></span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">تهیه محتوای درسی در قالب</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های مختلف، 2.</span></span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مطالعه دانشجو قبل از کلاس، 3.</span></span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ارزیابی و آمادگی (با و بدون حضور مدرس) و 4.</span></span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">فعالیت گروهی، تعامل و بازخورد</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:22.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span arial="" gn="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نتیجه</span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">گیری: </span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">با توجه به اینکه روش تدریس وارونه با رفع محدودیت</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های روش</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های تدریس سنتی از جمله سخنرانی موجب استفاده حداکثری از زمان کلاسی شده و امکان یادگیری با توجه به توانایی</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ها و توانمندی</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های برای یادگیرندگان مهیا می</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">کند، توصیه می</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span gn="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">گردد مسئولان و مدرسان از این شیوه تدریس در کار خود استفاده نمایند.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:18.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="vertical-align:middle"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Arial,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Abstract</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:18.0pt"><span style="tab-stops:11.35pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="vertical-align:middle"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Arial,"><b><span style="color:black">Introduction: </span></b><span style="color:black">In any country, educational system plays a critical role in the excellence of the entire community. Adequate attention to education, particularly employing effective teaching methods may be a key step towards realizing the excellent objectives of education. Thus, this study aimed to review the inverted teaching method.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:18.0pt"><span style="tab-stops:11.35pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="vertical-align:middle"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Arial,"><b><span style="color:black">Methods: </span></b><span style="color:black">This is a review study and its related information was obtained through searching for Persian and English papers according to the main objective of the study in the credible scientific databases of Magiran, SID, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, as well as the library studies over the period of 2000-2021.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:18.0pt"><span style="tab-stops:11.35pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="vertical-align:middle"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Arial,"><b><span style="color:black">Results: </span></b><span style="color:black">Applying effective teaching methods enhances educational effectiveness besides facilitating the goals recognition. This teaching method is especially effective and efficient in teaching some courses and it is currently used by teachers in many universities around the world and even in Iran. In this teaching method, there are four main steps: 1. Preparing the course content in different formats, 2. Students study before class, 3. Assessing and preparing (with and without the presence of the teacher) 4. Group activity, interaction and feedback.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:18.0pt"><span style="tab-stops:11.35pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="vertical-align:middle"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Arial,"><b><span style="color:black">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="color:black">Since the inverted teaching method makes the maximum use of class time besides allowing students to learn based on different capabilities and abilities through breaking the traditional teaching methods&rsquo; limitations such as lecturing, officials and instructors have to pay attention to the awareness and enhancement of the required skills.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; روش تدریس, روش تدریس وارونه, مدرس, یادگیرنده Teaching Method, Inverted Teaching Method, Instructor, Learner 51 57 http://nama.ajaums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-153-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 saide taghizadeh سعیده تقی زاده taghizade_s@atu.ac.ir 10031947532846002063 10031947532846002063 Yes دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی jamal haji جمال حاجی jamalhaji72@yahoo.com 10031947532846002064 10031947532846002064 No وزارت آموزش و پرورش